Xylella fastidiosa (Xylella) is regarded as Australia’s number 1 plant biosecurity threat with over 560 potential host species including grape, citrus, olives, cherries, some tree nuts, apples and pears plus a number of ornamental and native species known to be at risk. First detected in California in the 1880’s, Xylella is present in Central and South America and across southern Europe, the Middle East and Taiwan. Xylella infects the xylem tissue in host plants, restricting water and nutrient uptake, so the symptoms can be mistaken for water or heat stress but can lead to stunted growth, leaf scorch and, in many cases, plant death. Transmission is primarily through xylem-feeding insect vectors with the Glassy winged sharp shooter (GWSS) and some spittlebugs regarded as the most efficient vectors.

A number of projects are currently underway to enhance Australia’s preparedness for an incursion of Xylella and collaborative work with NZ, UK and USA researchers underway to support contingency planning and capability development activities.

Any suspected detection of Xylella or GWSS in Australia should be reported to the Exotic Plant Pest hotline on 1800 084 881.

Further information on Xylella can be found at:

http://www.planthealthaustralia.com.au/pests/xylella-fastidiosa/ and on the GWSS at

http://www.planthealthaustralia.com.au/pests/glassy-winged-sharpshooter/